As it had not yet settled and oxidized, the wiped-out iron gall ink must have appeared much fainter at the time of inscribing, and Marx wrote across the then slightly smudged area (which today appears considerably darkened) his much more cordial "brotherly greeting".
Curiously, Marx had first written "avec les compliments de Karl Marx" before thinking better of such a comparatively bland dedication and erasing the just-penned words. Inscribed not quite a year after the volume's publication to César de Paepe, the leader of the International Workingmen's Association (the First International) in Belgium: "Au citoyen Cézar de Paepe / salut fraternel / Karl Marx / Londres 3 Septembre 1868". Contemporary half calf with giltstamped spine title and marbled covers. Inscribed "Au citoyen Cézar de Paepe / salut fraternel / Karl Marx / Londres 3 Septembre 1868" on verso of title, one small pencil correction to the text, presumably by Marx. Operating from the premise that capitalism contained the seeds of its own destruction, his ideas formed the basis of Marxism and served as a theoretical base for communism.8vo (147 x 225 mm). Marx's work laid the foundations for future communist leaders such as Vladimir Lenin and Josef Stalin. Adam Smith also famously wrote about the capitalist economic system in his 1776 masterpiece, The Wealth of Nations, and Marx was well aware of Smith's writings.
While it's unclear whether either Thackeray or Marx was aware of the other's work, both men meant the word to have a pejorative ring. The exact origins of the term "capitalism" in English are unclear, and it is certain that Marx was not the first to use the word "capitalism" in English, although he contributed to the rise of its use and interest in the concept.Īccording to the Oxford English Dictionary, the English word was first used by author William Thackeray in 1854, in his novel The Newcomes, who intended it to mean a sense of concern about personal possessions and money in general.
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